Girik land often raises concerns because it does not have the same legal strength as a freehold certificate (SHM). This condition may open opportunities for future disputes, including overlapping claims due to the absence of clear legal protection.
Understanding how to convert girik land into SHM is an important step to secure your property rights. This process ensures that the land has strong, state-recognized legality. If you want to learn the complete stages, continue reading this article to the end.
What Is Girik Land?
Girik land refers to land that does not yet have an official certificate issued by the National Land Agency (BPN). Its status is only supported by local tax-related documents such as girik, ketitir, letter C, or petok D, which are issued by the village or sub-district office. A girik document is not proof of ownership—it is merely an administrative record of land tax payments at the village level.
Because it lacks full legal force, girik land is more vulnerable to disputes, overlapping claims, or complications during buying and selling transactions. According to Indonesia.go.id, girik land must be converted into SHM through the registration process at BPN to be legally recognized.
How to Convert Girik Land to SHM
Generally, there are several stages you need to go through to convert girik land into a freehold certificate (SHM). You may choose one of the available routes. The steps include:
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Visiting the local sub-district/village office to process basic documents required for certification.
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Going directly to the National Land Agency (BPN) to submit the land registration and hand over all prepared documents.
Below is a complete explanation of each step.
1. Processing Documents at the Local Village/Sub-District Office
Before visiting the village office, you must prepare several required documents for converting girik land into SHM. These documents include:
A. Certificate of No Dispute
This is an official document issued by the village office stating that the land is not currently involved in any dispute.
It usually includes signatures from witnesses familiar with the land's history, such as the neighborhood heads (RT/RW) or local community leaders.
B. Land History Certificate
This document contains a complete record of the land’s ownership history from previous owners to the current one. It helps BPN verify the legality of ownership and ensure there are no overlapping claims.
C. Sporadic Land Possession Certificate
This document indicates that you fully possess the land, including the date and basis of possession. It serves as supporting evidence that the land is under the applicant’s control during the certification process.
2. Processing at the National Land Agency (BPN)
Once all documents from the village office are ready, you may continue the certification process at BPN. Bring all documents with you. This stage involves administrative and technical procedures such as data verification, land measurement, and certificate issuance. The full process includes:
A. Submitting the Certificate Application
You will first submit an application along with all documents. BPN will review the file and issue a receipt. If complete, the file enters the next stage.
B. Land Measurement by BPN Officers
BPN officers will visit the land to measure its boundaries and area according to actual conditions. This step is usually carried out with the owner and witnesses. The results form the basis of the land plot map.
C. Approval of the Measurement Document
After measurements are completed, BPN will prepare an official measurement document detailing the land’s size and boundaries. It must then be approved by authorized BPN officials.
D. Examination by Committee A
Committee A will review the physical and legal data to ensure no legal issues exist. This includes checking the land’s history, boundary accuracy, and document validity.
E. Public Announcement of Legal Data
The measurement results will be publicly announced as required by Government Regulation No. 24/1997—30 days for systematic registration or 60 days for sporadic registration. If objections arise during this period, the application will be paused until the issue is resolved.
F. Issuance of the Land Rights Decree (SK)
If no objections occur, BPN will issue the Land Rights Decree (SK), confirming that the land legally belongs to the applicant. This decree is the legal basis for issuing the land certificate.
G. Payment of Land Rights Acquisition Fee (BPHTB)
Applicants must pay the BPHTB fee according to regulations. The amount depends on the land’s NJOP (taxable value) and size. Proof of payment must be submitted to BPN.
H. Registration of the Decree for Certificate Issuance
After BPHTB is paid, the decree is registered for final certificate processing. BPN will prepare the certificate based on complete data. This stage typically takes at least six months, depending on local BPN policies.
I. Collecting the SHM Certificate
The final stage is to collect the official freehold certificate (SHM) at the BPN office. Once received, the land is officially registered and has full legal standing as SHM.
Costs of Converting Girik Land to SHM
The conversion process requires several fees as regulated under Government Regulation No. 13 of 2010 concerning Non-Tax State Revenue at BPN. The fees include:
1. Measurement Fee (Tu)
This covers land boundary measurement and mapping. For land under 10 hectares, the formula is:
Tu = (L/500 × HSBKu) + Rp100,000
2. Committee A Fee (Tpa)
This is charged for reviewing the legal and physical data of the land. The formula is:
Tpa = (L/500 × HSBKpa) + Rp350,000
3. Administrative Fees
These include:
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Land certification fee
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Land registration service fee
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Registration fee of Rp50,000
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Transportation, meals, and accommodation (TKA) for measurement officers
Converting girik land to SHM—from preparing documents to completing the processes at the village office and BPN—helps secure your land’s legal status and protects your investment.
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